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Africa · Severe · since Ongoing

Somalia & the Sahel

Where armed conflict and drought hit the same family twice.

Al-Shabaab insurgency and Sahel armed group violence, layered with climate shocks

9.1M

Somalis affected

Somalia HNRP 2025

~3.8M

Displaced in Somalia

Drought and conflict driven

~800K

Somali refugees

Kenya, Ethiopia, Yemen

IPC 3–4

Food security

FSNAU/IPC, Feb 2026

What is happening

9.1 million Somalis are affected by conflict and climate shocks, with around 3.8 million displaced, many in long-term settlements on the edges of cities.

Across Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger, armed group violence has closed thousands of schools and cut communities off from markets and clinics.

What we don't think about

Drought does not pause for war

Failed rains and armed blockades combine: livestock die, and the roads to the next pasture are controlled by armed groups.

Schools closed by threat

In the central Sahel thousands of schools are shut, not destroyed — teachers simply cannot safely attend.

Urban edges as permanent camps

Displacement sites around Mogadishu and Baidoa are now decades old, with evictions a constant risk.